What is Plaquenil? Plaquenil (hydroxychloroquine) is used to treat or prevent malaria, a disease caused by parasites that enter the body through the bite of a mosquito. Hydroxychloroquine is not effective against all strains of malaria, or against malaria in areas where the infection has been resistant to a similar drug called chloroquine. Plaquenil is also used to treat symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis and discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus. Warnings Plaquenil can cause dangerous effects on your heart, especially if you also use certain other medicines including the antibiotic azithromycin (Z-Pak). Seek emergency medical attention if you have fast or pounding heartbeats and sudden dizziness (like you might pass out). Taking Plaquenil long-term or at high doses may cause irreversible damage to the retina of your eye that could progress to permanent vision problems. Stop taking Plaquenil and call your doctor at once if you have blurred vision, trouble focusing, distorted vision, blind spots, trouble reading, changes in your color vision, increased sensitivity to light. Before taking this medicine You should not use Plaquenil if you are allergic to hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine. High doses or long-term use of Plaquenil may cause irreversible damage to your retina (the membrane layer inside your eye that helps produce vision). This could progress to permanent vision problems. The risk of retinal damage is higher in people with pre-existing eye problems, kidney disease, or people who also take tamoxifen. To make sure Plaquenil is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had: vision changes or damage to your retina caused by an anti-malaria medication; heart disease, heart rhythm disorder (such as long QT syndrome); diabetes; a stomach disorder; an allergy to quinine; liver or kidney disease; psoriasis; alcoholism; porphyria (a genetic enzyme disorder that causes symptoms affecting the skin or nervous system); or a genetic enzyme deficiency called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Malaria is more likely to cause serious illness or death in a pregnant woman. Having malaria during pregnancy may also increase the risk of miscarriage, stillbirth, premature delivery, and low birth weight. It is not known whether hydroxychloroquine will harm an unborn baby. If you are pregnant, ask your doctor about the risks of traveling to areas where malaria is common (such as Africa, South America, and Southern Asia). It may not be safe to breastfeed while using Plaquenil. Ask your doctor about any risk. Plaquenil is not approved for treating lupus or rheumatoid arthritis in anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take Plaquenil? Take Plaquenil exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Take Plaquenil with a meal or a glass of milk unless your doctor tells you otherwise. To treat lupus or arthritis, Plaquenil is usually taken daily. To prevent malaria: Plaquenil is usually taken once per week on the same day each week. Start taking the medicine 2 weeks before entering an area where malaria is common. Keep taking the medicine during your stay and for at least 4 weeks after you leave the area. To treat malaria: Plaquenil is usually given as one high dose followed by smaller doses during the next 2 days in a row. Use this medicine for the full prescribed length of time, even if your symptoms quickly improve. Call your doctor as soon as possible if you have been exposed to malaria, or if you have fever or other symptoms of illness during or after a stay in an area where malaria is common. Use protective clothing, insect repellents, and mosquito netting around your bed to further prevent mosquito bites that could cause malaria. No medication is 100% effective in treating or preventing all types of malaria. Talk with your doctor if you have fever, vomiting, or diarrhea during your treatment. While using Plaquenil, you may need frequent medical tests and vision exams. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Dosing information Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria Prophylaxis: 400 mg salt (310 mg base) orally once a week Weight-based dosing: 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally once a week -Maximum dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -This drug should be administered on the same day of each week. -Suppressive therapy should begin 2 weeks prior to exposure and should continue for 4 weeks after leaving the endemic area. Use: For the prophylaxis of malaria in geographic areas where chloroquine resistance is not reported US CDC Recommendations: 310 mg base (400 mg salt) orally once a week Comments: -An alternative to chloroquine for prophylaxis only in areas with chloroquine-sensitive malaria -Prophylaxis should start 1 to 2 weeks before travel to malarious areas; should continue weekly (same day each week) while in malarious areas and for 4 weeks after leaving such areas -If malaria develops while using this drug for chemoprophylaxis, it should not be used as part of the treatment regimen. -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information. Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria: 800 mg salt (620 mg base) orally as an initial dose, followed by 400 mg salt (310 mg base) at 6, 24, and 48 hours after the initial dose Total dose: 2000 mg salt (1550 mg base) Weight-based dosing: -First dose: 13 mg/kg salt (10 mg/kg base) orally -Second dose (6 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally -Third dose (24 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally -Fourth dose (48 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Maximum Dose: -First dose: 800 mg salt (620 mg base)/dose -Second, third, and fourth dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -Concomitant therapy with an 8-aminoquinoline compound is necessary for radical cure of Plasmodium vivax and P ovale infections. Use: For the treatment of uncomplicated malaria due to P falciparum, P malariae, P ovale, and P vivax US CDC Recommendations: 620 mg base (800 mg salt) orally at once, followed by 310 mg base (400 mg salt) orally at 6, 24, and 48 hours Total dose: 1550 mg base (2000 mg salt) Comments: -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P falciparum or species not identified) in regions with chloroquine sensitivity -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P malariae, P knowlesi, P vivax [unless chloroquine-resistant P vivax suspected], or P ovale) in all regions; if treating P vivax or P ovale infections, concomitant treatment with primaquine (after quantitative testing to rule out glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD] deficiency) is recommended. -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria treatment for pregnant women in regions with chloroquine sensitivity -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information. Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: 200 to 400 mg salt (155 to 310 mg base)/day orally divided in 1 or 2 doses Comments: -Doses above 400 mg/day are not recommended. -Higher incidence of retinopathy reported when this maintenance dose is exceeded. Uses: For the treatment of chronic discoid lupus erythematosus and systemic lupus erythematosus Usual Adult Dose of Plaquenil or Rheumatoid Arthritis: Initial dose: 400 to 600 mg salt (310 to 465 mg base)/day orally divided in 1 or 2 doses Maintenance dose: 200 to 400 mg salt (155 to 310 mg base)/day orally divided in 1 or 2 doses Maximum dose: 600 mg salt (465 mg base)/day or 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base)/day, whichever is lower Comments: -The action of this drug is cumulative and may require weeks to months to achieve the maximum therapeutic effect. -When a good response is obtained, the initial dose may be reduced by 50% and continued at a maintenance dose. -Higher incidence of retinopathy reported when this maintenance dose is exceeded; 600 mg salt (465 mg base) or 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base), whichever is lower, should not be exceed per day. -Corticosteroids and salicylates may be used with this drug, and they can generally be decreased gradually in dosage or eliminated after a maintenance dose of this drug has been achieved. Use: For the treatment of acute and chronic rheumatoid arthritis Usual Pediatric Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria Prophylaxis: 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally once a week Maximum dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -This drug should be administered on the same day of each week. -Suppressive therapy should begin 2 weeks prior to exposure and should continue for 4 weeks after leaving the endemic area. Use: For the prophylaxis of malaria in geographic areas where chloroquine resistance is not reported US CDC Recommendations: 5 mg/kg base (6.5 mg/kg salt) orally once a week Maximum dose: 310 mg base (400 mg salt)/dose Comments: -An alternative to chloroquine for prophylaxis only in areas with chloroquine-sensitive malaria -Prophylaxis should start 1 to 2 weeks before travel to malarious areas; should continue weekly (same day each week) while in malarious areas and for 4 weeks after leaving such areas -If malaria develops while using this drug for chemoprophylaxis, it should not be used as part of the treatment regimen. -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information. Usual Pediatric Dose of Plaquenil for Malaria: First dose: 13 mg/kg salt (10 mg/kg base) orally Second dose (6 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Third dose (24 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Fourth dose (48 hours after first dose): 6.5 mg/kg salt (5 mg/kg base) orally Maximum Dose: -First dose: 800 mg salt (620 mg base)/dose -Second, third, and fourth dose: 400 mg salt (310 mg base)/dose Comments: -Concomitant therapy with an 8-aminoquinoline compound is necessary for radical cure of P vivax and P ovale infections. Use: For the treatment of uncomplicated malaria due to P falciparum, P malariae, P ovale, and P vivax US CDC Recommendations: 10 mg/kg base orally at once, followed by 5 mg/kg base orally at 6, 24, and 48 hours Total dose: 25 mg/kg base Comments: -Pediatric dose should never exceed adult dose. -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P falciparum or species not identified) in regions with chloroquine sensitivity -Recommended for uncomplicated malaria (P malariae, P knowlesi, P vivax [unless chloroquine-resistant P vivax suspected], or P ovale) in all regions; if treating P vivax or P ovale infections, concomitant treatment with primaquine (after quantitative testing to rule out G6PD deficiency) is recommended. -Current guidelines should be consulted for additional information.   What happens if I miss a dose? Call your doctor for instructions if you miss a dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of hydroxychloroquine can be fatal, and must be treated quickly. Overdose symptoms may include drowsiness, vision changes, seizure, slow heart rate, weak pulse, pounding heartbeats, sudden dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath, or slow breathing (breathing may stop). Keep this medicine out of the reach of children. A hydroxychloroquine overdose can be fatal to a child who accidentally swallows this medicine. What to avoid This medicine may cause blurred vision and may impair your reactions. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how this medicine will affect you. Avoid taking an antacid or Kaopectate (kaolin-pectin) within 4 hours before or 4 hours after you take Plaquenil. Plaquenil side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to Plaquenil (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling). Also seek emergency medical attention if you have symptoms of a serious heart problem: fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness (like you might pass out). Call your doctor at once if you have: a seizure; yellowing of your eyes; ringing in your ears, trouble hearing; unusual mood changes; severe muscle weakness, loss of coordination, underactive reflexes; low blood cell counts - fever, chills, tiredness, sore throat, mouth sores, easy bruising, unusual bleeding, pale skin, cold hands and feet, feeling light-headed or short of breath; low blood sugar - headache, hunger, sweating, irritability, dizziness, fast heart rate, and feeling anxious or shaky; or a serious drug reaction that can affect many parts of your body - skin rash, fever, swollen glands, muscle aches, severe weakness, unusual bruising, or yellowing of your skin or eyes. Taking Plaquenil long-term or at high doses may cause irreversible damage to the retina of your eye. Stop taking Plaquenil and tell your doctor if you have: blurred vision, trouble focusing, trouble reading; distorted vision, blind spots; changes in your color vision; hazy or cloudy vision; seeing light flashes or streaks, seeing halos around lights; or increased sensitivity to light. Common Plaquenil side effects may include: headache, dizziness; nausea, vomiting, stomach pain; loss of appetite, weight loss; feeling nervous or irritable; skin rash or itching; or hair loss. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect Plaquenil? Plaquenil can cause a serious heart problem. Your risk may be higher if you also use certain other medicines for infections, asthma, heart problems, high blood pressure, depression, mental illness, cancer, malaria, or HIV. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine; cyclosporine; methotrexate; praziquantel; tamoxifen; heart rhythm medicine; insulin or oral diabetes medicine; or seizure medication. This list is not complete. other drugs may interact with hydroxychloroquine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

Uses of Prenatal Vitamin: This vitamin is used to aid the diet needs before, during, and after pregnancy. What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take Prenatal Vitamin? All products: If you are allergic to prenatal vitamin; any part of prenatal vitamin ; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had. If you have too much iron in your body. If you are taking mineral oil. If you are taking acitretin. Products with omega-3 fatty acids: If you are taking a blood thinner. If you have bleeding problems. This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with prenatal vitamin . Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take prenatal vitamin with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor. What are some things I need to know or do while I take Prenatal Vitamin? Tell all of your health care providers that you take prenatal vitamin . This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists. This medicine may affect certain lab tests. Tell all of your health care providers and lab workers that you take prenatal vitamin. If you have phenylketonuria (PKU), talk with your doctor. Some products have phenylalanine. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. You will need to talk about any risks to your baby. How is this medicine (Prenatal Vitamin) best taken? Use prenatal vitamin  as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely. Follow how to take prenatal vitamin as you have been told by your doctor. Do not use more than you were told to use. Some drugs may need to be taken with food or on an empty stomach. For some drugs it does not matter. Check with your pharmacist about how to take prenatal vitamin. Take with a full glass of water. Do not take antacids within 2 hours before or 2 hours after taking prenatal vitamin. Do not take dairy products with prenatal vitamin. Dairy products may make prenatal vitamin not work as well. Follow the diet and workout plan that your doctor told you about. Chew well before swallowing. What do I do if I miss a dose? Take a missed dose as soon as you think about it. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses. Detailed Multivitamin, prenatal dosage information What are some side effects that I need to call my doctor about right away? WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect: Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat. Black, tarry, or bloody stools. Fever. Very upset stomach or throwing up. Very bad belly pain. Throwing up blood or throw up that looks like coffee grounds. Stomach cramps. Multivitamin, prenatal side effects (more detail) What are some other side effects of Prenatal Vitamin? All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away: Constipation. Upset stomach or throwing up. Change in color of stool to green. Diarrhea. Belly pain. These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You may also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch. If OVERDOSE is suspected: If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened. How do I store and/or throw out Prenatal Vitamin? Store at room temperature. Protect from heat and light. Store in a dry place. Do not store in a bathroom. Keep all drugs in a safe place. Keep all drugs out of the reach of children and pets. Throw away unused or expired drugs. Do not flush down a toilet or pour down a drain unless you are told to do so. Check with your pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. There may be drug take-back programs in your area. Consumer information use If your symptoms or health problems do not get better or if they become worse, call your doctor. Do not share your drugs with others and do not take anyone else's drugs. Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. Check with your pharmacist. If you have any questions about prenatal vitamin, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider. If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.  

Uses of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder: It is used to treat high potassium levels. What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? For all patients taking sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder: If you have an allergy to sodium polystyrene sulfonate or any other part of sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. If you are allergic to sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder; any part of sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had. If you have any of these health problems: Constipation, low potassium levels, or if you have not had a bowel movement after surgery. If you have ever had any of these health problems: Bowel block, bowel disease, bowel surgery, not able to have a bowel movement, or long-term constipation. If you are taking any of these drugs: Sorbitol or a laxative that has magnesium in it. Children: If your child is a newborn with bowel function that is not normal. All oral products: If your child is a premature baby or is a newborn. Do not give sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder to a premature baby or a newborn. This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor. What are some things I need to know or do while I take Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? Tell all of your health care providers that you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists. If you are on a low-salt diet (sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder has salt), talk with your doctor. Have blood work checked as you have been told by the doctor. Talk with the doctor. If you are taking a salt substitute that has potassium in it, a potassium-sparing diuretic, or a potassium product, talk with your doctor. This medicine may prevent other drugs taken by mouth from getting into the body. If you take other drugs by mouth, you may need to take them at some other time than sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. Talk with your doctor. Use with care in children. Talk with the doctor. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan on getting pregnant. You will need to talk about the benefits and risks of using sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder while you are pregnant. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. You will need to talk about any risks to your baby. How is this medicine (Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder) best taken? Use sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely. Most of the time, sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder will be given in a doctor's office. Your doctor may teach you how to use. Follow how to use carefully. It may be given by mouth or given rectally. Mix powder with water or syrup. Ask the doctor how much liquid you need to use. Shake or mix well. When taking by mouth, take while sitting up. Do not heat or microwave. Use the solution within 24 hours. What do I do if I miss a dose? If you take sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder on a regular basis, take a missed dose as soon as you think about it. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time or extra doses. Many times sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder is taken on an as needed basis. Do not take more often than told by the doctor.   What are some side effects that I need to call my doctor about right away? WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect: Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat. Signs of electrolyte problems like mood changes, confusion, muscle pain or weakness, a heartbeat that does not feel normal, seizures, not hungry, or very bad upset stomach or throwing up. Severe diarrhea. Shortness of breath, a big weight gain, or swelling in the arms or legs. Very bad headache. Very bad bowel problems like bleeding, swelling, and tearing have happened with sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder. Sometimes, this has been deadly. Most people who had these problems were also taking sorbitol. The chance of these problems may be raised if you have low blood volume, kidney disease, or if you have ever had bowel disease or surgery. Call your doctor right away if you have black, tarry, or bloody stools; constipation; stomach pain; swelling of the stomach; or throwing up blood or throw up that looks like coffee grounds.   What are some other side effects of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away: Not hungry. Diarrhea. Upset stomach or throwing up. These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-332-1088. You may also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch. If OVERDOSE is suspected: If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened. How do I store and/or throw out Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate Powder? Store at room temperature. Protect from heat. Store in a dry place. Do not store in a bathroom. Keep all drugs in a safe place. Keep all drugs out of the reach of children and pets. Throw away unused or expired drugs. Do not flush down a toilet or pour down a drain unless you are told to do so. Check with your pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. There may be drug take-back programs in your area. Consumer information use If your symptoms or health problems do not get better or if they become worse, call your doctor. Do not share your drugs with others and do not take anyone else's drugs. Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. Check with your pharmacist. If you have any questions about sodium polystyrene sulfonate powder, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider. If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.

What is potassium chloride? Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart. Potassium chloride is used to prevent or to treat low blood levels of potassium (hypokalemia). Potassium levels can be low as a result of a disease or from taking certain medicines, or after a prolonged illness with diarrhea or vomiting. Warnings You should not use potassium chloride if you have high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia), or if you also take a "potassium-sparing" diuretic. To be sure potassium chloride is helping your condition, your blood may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. This test will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Serious side effects of potassium include uneven heartbeat, muscle weakness or limp feeling, severe stomach pain, and numbness or tingling in your hands, feet, or mouth. Do not stop taking this medicine without first talking to your doctor. If you stop taking this medicine suddenly, your condition may become worse. Do not crush, chew, break, or suck on an extended-release tablet or capsule. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Sucking on a tablet can irritate your mouth or throat. Take potassium chloride with food or just after a meal. Before taking this medicine You should not use potassium chloride if you are allergic to it, or if: you have high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia); or you take a "potassium-sparing" diuretic (water pill) such as amiloride, spironolactone, or triamterene. To make sure this medicine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had: kidney disease; cirrhosis or other liver disease; an adrenal gland disorder; a large tissue injury such as a severe burn; severe dehydration; diabetes; heart disease or high blood pressure; stomach or intestinal bleeding; a blockage in your stomach or intestines; or chronic diarrhea (such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease). It is not known whether this medicine will harm an unborn baby. Your dose needs may be different during pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice. How should I take potassium chloride? Take potassium chloride exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Read and carefully follow any Instructions for Use provided with your medicine. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you do not understand these instructions. Take potassium chloride with a full glass of water. Take potassium chloride with food or just after a meal if this medicine upsets your stomach. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Do not crush, chew, or suck on a tablet or capsule. Sucking on the pill could irritate your mouth or throat. Call your doctor if you have trouble swallowing a potassium chloride capsule or tablet. You may be able to dissolve the tablet in water, or mix the medicine from a capsule with soft food. Carefully follow your doctor's instructions. Mix the powder form of this medicine with at least 4 ounces (one-half cup) of cold water or fruit juice before taking. Drink the mixture slowly, over 5 to 10 minutes in all. To make sure you get the entire dose, add a little more water to the same glass, swirl gently and drink right away. To be sure this medicine is helping your condition, you may need frequent blood tests. You may not notice any change in your symptoms, but your blood work will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium chloride. Your heart function may need to be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG). Even if you have no symptoms, tests can help your doctor determine if this medicine is effective. Your treatment may include a special diet. Follow the diet plan created for you by your doctor or nutrition counselor. Get familiar with the list of foods you should eat or avoid to help control your condition. Potassium-rich foods include: squash, baked potatoes (skin on), spinach, lentils, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, zucchini, kidney or navy beans, raisins, watermelon, orange juice, bananas, cantaloupe, and low-fat milk or yogurt. Consume only the daily amounts recommended by your doctor or nutrition counselor. Some tablets are made with a shell that is not absorbed or melted in the body. Part of this shell may appear in your stool. This is normal and will not make the medicine less effective. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in a closed container.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include irregular heartbeats, chest pain, or muscle weakness. What to avoid Avoid taking supplements or using other products that contain potassium without first asking your doctor. Salt substitutes or low-salt dietary products often contain potassium. If you take certain products together you may accidentally get too much potassium. Read the label of any other medicine you are using to see if it contains potassium. Potassium chloride side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to potassium chloride: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have: severe throat irritation; stomach bloating, severe vomiting, severe stomach pain; high potassium level - nausea, weakness, tingly feeling, chest pain, irregular heartbeats, loss of movement; or signs of stomach bleeding - bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. Common potassium chloride side effects may include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; gas, stomach pain; or the appearance of a potassium chloride tablet in your stool. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect potassium chloride? Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using, especially: a diuretic or "water pill"; or heart or blood pressure medication. This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with potassium chloride, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

What is potassium citrate? Potassium is a mineral that is found in many foods and is needed for several functions of your body, especially the beating of your heart. Potassium citrate is used to treat a kidney stone condition called renal tubular acidosis. Potassium citrate may also be used for other purposes other than those listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use potassium citrate if you have kidney failure, a urinary tract infection, uncontrolled diabetes, a peptic ulcer in your stomach, Addison's disease, severe burns or other tissue injury, if you are dehydrated, if you take certain diuretics (water pills), or if you have high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia). You should not take potassium citrate tablets if you have problems with your esophagus, stomach, or intestines that make it difficult for you to swallow or digest pills. Do not crush, chew, break, or suck on an extended-release tablet. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Sucking on a potassium tablet can irritate your mouth or throat. Avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after you take this medication. Take potassium citrate with a meal or bedtime snack, or within 30 minutes after a meal. To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. This test will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Serious side effects of potassium citrate include uneven heartbeat, muscle weakness or limp feeling, severe stomach pain, and numbness or tingling in your hands, feet, or mouth. Do not stop taking potassium citrate without first talking to your doctor. If you stop taking potassium suddenly, your condition may become worse. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medication if you are allergic to it, or if you have certain conditions. Be sure your doctor knows if you have: high levels of potassium in your blood (hyperkalemia); kidney failure; a urinary tract infection; untreated or uncontrolled diabetes; Addison's disease (an adrenal gland disorder); a large tissue injury such as a severe burn; a peptic ulcer in your stomach; if you are severely dehydrated; or if you are taking a "potassium-sparing" diuretic (water pill) such as amiloride (Midamor, Moduretic), spironolactone (Aldactone, Aldactazide), triamterene (Dyrenium, Dyazide, Maxzide). You should not take potassium citrate tablets if you have problems with your esophagus, stomach, or intestines that make it difficult for you to swallow or digest pills. Before using potassium citrate, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have: kidney disease; congestive heart failure, enlarged heart, or history of heart attack; other heart disease or high blood pressure; diabetes; a blockage in your stomach or intestines; or chronic diarrhea (such as ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease). If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take potassium citrate. FDA pregnancy category C. This medication may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. It is not known whether potassium passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use potassium citrate without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. How should I take potassium citrate? Take potassium citrate exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take it in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Do not crush, chew, break, or suck on an extended-release tablet. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Sucking on a potassium tablet can irritate your mouth or throat. Call your doctor if it feels like the tablet is getting stuck in your throat when you swallow it. Measure the liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Liquid potassium should be mixed with at least 4 ounces (one-half cup) of cold water or fruit juice. Drink the mixture slowly, over 5 to 10 minutes in all. To make sure you get the entire dose, add a little more water to the same glass, swirl gently and drink right away. Take potassium citrate with a meal or bedtime snack, or within 30 minutes after a meal. Your treatment may include a special diet. It is very important to follow the diet plan created for you by your doctor or nutrition counselor. You should become very familiar with the list of foods you should eat or avoid to help control your condition. To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood may need to be tested often. Your heart rate may also be checked using an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG) to measure electrical activity of the heart. This test will help your doctor determine how long to treat you with potassium. Do not miss any scheduled appointments. Do not stop taking potassium citrate without first talking to your doctor. If you stop taking potassium suddenly, your condition may become worse. Store potassium citrate at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the medication in a closed container. Detailed Potassium citrate dosage information What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, wait until then to take the medicine and skip the missed dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include heavy feeling in your arms or legs, muscle weakness, limp feeling, slow or uneven heartbeat, chest pain, or feeling like you might pass out. What should I avoid? Avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes after you take potassium citrate. Avoid taking potassium supplements or using other products that contain potassium without first asking your doctor. Salt substitutes or low-salt dietary products often contain potassium. If you take certain products together you may accidentally get too much potassium. Read the label of any other medicine you are using to see if it contains potassium. While taking this medication, avoid strenuous exercise if you are not in proper condition for it. Potassium citrate side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using potassium citrate and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects: confusion, anxiety, feeling like you might pass out; uneven heartbeat; extreme thirst, increased urination; leg discomfort; muscle weakness or limp feeling; numbness or tingly feeling in your hands or feet, or around your mouth; severe stomach pain, ongoing diarrhea or vomiting; black, bloody, or tarry stools; or coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. Less serious side effects may include: mild nausea or upset stomach; mild or occasional diarrhea; or appearance of a potassium citrate tablet in your stool. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect potassium citrate? The following drugs can interact with potassium citrate. Tell your doctor if you are using any of these: eplerenone (Inspra); digoxin (digitalis, Lanoxin); candesartan (Atacand), losartan (Cozaar, Hyzaar), valsartan (Diovan), or telmisartan (Micardis); glycopyrrolate (Robinul); mepenzolate (Cantil); quinidine (Quinaglute, Quinidex, Quin-Release); atropine (Donnatal, and others), benztropine (Cogentin), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), methscopolamine (Pamine), or scopolamine (Transderm-Scop); a bronchodilator such as ipratroprium (Atrovent) or tiotropium (Spiriva); bladder or urinary medications such as darifenacin (Enablex), flavoxate (Urispas), oxybutynin (Ditropan, Oxytrol), tolterodine (Detrol), or solifenacin (Vesicare); irritable bowel medications such as dicyclomine (Bentyl), hyoscyamine (Anaspaz, Cystospaz, Levsin, and others), or propantheline (Pro-Banthine); an ACE inhibitor such as benazepril (Lotensin), captopril (Capoten), fosinopril (Monopril), enalapril (Vasotec), lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril), moexipril (Univasc), perindopril (Aceon), quinapril (Accupril), ramipril (Altace), or trandolapril (Mavik); or any type of diuretic (water pill) such as bumetanide (Bumex), chlorothiazide (Diuril), chlorthalidone (Hygroton, Thalitone), ethacrynic acid (Edecrin), furosemide (Lasix), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ, HydroDiuril, Hyzaar, Lopressor, Vasoretic, Zestoretic), indapamide (Lozol), metolazone (Mykrox, Zarxolyn), or torsemide (Demadex). This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with potassium citrate. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

What is pramipexole? Pramipexole has some of the same effects as a chemical called dopamine, which occurs naturally in your body. Low levels of dopamine in the brain are associated with Parkinson's disease. Pramipexole is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease (stiffness, tremors, muscle spasms, and poor muscle control). Pramipexole is also used to treat restless legs syndrome (RLS). Only immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) is approved to treat either Parkinson symptoms or RLS. Extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) is approved only to treat Parkinson symptoms. Parkinson's and RLS are two separate disorders. Having one of these conditions will not cause you to have the other condition. Pramipexole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Follow all directions on your medicine label and package. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. Before taking this medicine You should not use pramipexole if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: low blood pressure; dizziness after getting up too fast; daytime drowsiness; kidney disease; or problems controlling your muscle movements. People with Parkinson's disease may have a higher risk of skin cancer (melanoma). Talk to your doctor about this risk and what skin symptoms to watch for. It is not known whether pramipexole will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using pramipexole. It is not known whether pramipexole passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. How should I take pramipexole? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you are taking immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) you should not take extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) at the same time. The dose and timing of pramipexole in treating Parkinson's disease is different from the dose and timing in treating RLS. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Ask your pharmacist if you have any questions about the kind of pramipexole you receive at the pharmacy. Pramipexole can be taken with or without food. Take the medication with food if it upsets your stomach. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet (Mirapex ER). Swallow it whole. If you are taking this medication for RLS, tell your doctor if your symptoms get worse, if they occur in the morning or earlier than usual in the evening, or if you feel restless symptoms in your hands or arms. Do not stop using pramipexole suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking pramipexole? Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects can occur when alcohol is combined with pramipexole. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how pramipexole will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Pramipexole side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Some people taking pramipexole have fallen asleep during normal daytime activities such as working, talking, eating, or driving. Tell your doctor if you have any problems with daytime sleepiness or drowsiness. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not real); extreme drowsiness, falling asleep suddenly, even after feeling alert; tremors, twitching or uncontrollable muscle movements; unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness; vision problems; or posture changes you cannot control, such as involuntary bending forward of your neck, bending forward at the waist, or tilting sideways when you sit, stand, or walk. Side effects such as confusion or hallucinations may be more likely in older adults. You may have increased sexual urges, unusual urges to gamble, or other intense urges while taking this medicine. Talk with your doctor if this occurs. Common side effects may include: muscle spasm or muscle weakness; drowsiness, dizziness, weakness; confusion, memory problems; dry mouth; nausea, constipation; increased urination; or sleep problems (insomnia), unusual dreams. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Pramipexole dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Parkinson's Disease: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally three times a day Titration: Increase gradually in small dose increments no more frequently than ever 5 to 7 days Maintenance dose: 1.5 to 4.5 mg per day based on efficacy and tolerability Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day Comment: The following dose titration was used in clinical trials: Week 2, 0.25 mg 3 times a day Week 3, 0.5 mg 3 times a day Week 4, 0.75 mg 3 times a day Week 5, 1 mg 3 times a day Week 6, 1.25 mg 3 times a day Week 7, 1.5 mg 3 times a day. -When used in combination with levodopa, the levodopa dose was reduced by an average of 27% from baseline providing a concomitant dose of approximately 800 mg per day. Extended-release: Initial dose: 0.375 mg orally once a day Titration: Increase gradually no more frequently than every 5 to 7 days, first dose increase should be to 0.75 mg once a day followed by incremental increases of 0.75 mg; assess therapeutic response and tolerability at a minimum of 5 days after each dose increase. Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day SWITCHING FROM IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TO EXTENDED-RELEASE: -Patients may be switched overnight from immediate-release tablets to extended-release tablets at the same daily dose; monitor closely to determine if dose adjustments may be necessary. Comments: -If a significant interruption in therapy occurs, re-titration may be necessary; upon discontinuation, doses should be tapered. Use: Treatment of Parkinson's disease Usual Adult Dose for Restless Legs Syndrome: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally once a day 2 to 3 hours before bedtime Titration: If needed, dose may be titrated upwards by increments of 0.125 mg every 4 to 7 days. Maximum dose: 0.5 mg orally once a day Comments: -Extended-release tablets are not indicated for Restless Legs Syndrome. -Doses of 0.75 mg once a day were used in clinical trials, but were not found to provide additional benefit as compared to the 0.5 mg dose. Use: For the treatment of moderate to severe primary Restless Legs Syndrome.   What other drugs will affect pramipexole? Using pramipexole with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine; metoclopramide; or medicine to treat mental illness, such as chlorpromazine, droperidol, fluphenazine, haloperidol, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, thioridazine, and others. This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect pramipexole, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is pramipexole? Pramipexole has some of the same effects as a chemical called dopamine, which occurs naturally in your body. Low levels of dopamine in the brain are associated with Parkinson's disease. Pramipexole is used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease (stiffness, tremors, muscle spasms, and poor muscle control). Pramipexole is also used to treat restless legs syndrome (RLS). Only immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) is approved to treat either Parkinson symptoms or RLS. Extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) is approved only to treat Parkinson symptoms. Parkinson's and RLS are two separate disorders. Having one of these conditions will not cause you to have the other condition. Pramipexole may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Follow all directions on your medicine label and package. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. Before taking this medicine You should not use pramipexole if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: low blood pressure; dizziness after getting up too fast; daytime drowsiness; kidney disease; or problems controlling your muscle movements. People with Parkinson's disease may have a higher risk of skin cancer (melanoma). Talk to your doctor about this risk and what skin symptoms to watch for. It is not known whether pramipexole will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using pramipexole. It is not known whether pramipexole passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. How should I take pramipexole? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you are taking immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) you should not take extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) at the same time. The dose and timing of pramipexole in treating Parkinson's disease is different from the dose and timing in treating RLS. Follow the directions on your prescription label. Ask your pharmacist if you have any questions about the kind of pramipexole you receive at the pharmacy. Pramipexole can be taken with or without food. Take the medication with food if it upsets your stomach. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet (Mirapex ER). Swallow it whole. If you are taking this medication for RLS, tell your doctor if your symptoms get worse, if they occur in the morning or earlier than usual in the evening, or if you feel restless symptoms in your hands or arms. Do not stop using pramipexole suddenly, or you could have unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking pramipexole? Do not drink alcohol. Dangerous side effects can occur when alcohol is combined with pramipexole. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how pramipexole will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Pramipexole side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Some people taking pramipexole have fallen asleep during normal daytime activities such as working, talking, eating, or driving. Tell your doctor if you have any problems with daytime sleepiness or drowsiness. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; hallucinations (seeing or hearing things that are not real); extreme drowsiness, falling asleep suddenly, even after feeling alert; tremors, twitching or uncontrollable muscle movements; unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness; vision problems; or posture changes you cannot control, such as involuntary bending forward of your neck, bending forward at the waist, or tilting sideways when you sit, stand, or walk. Side effects such as confusion or hallucinations may be more likely in older adults. You may have increased sexual urges, unusual urges to gamble, or other intense urges while taking this medicine. Talk with your doctor if this occurs. Common side effects may include: muscle spasm or muscle weakness; drowsiness, dizziness, weakness; confusion, memory problems; dry mouth; nausea, constipation; increased urination; or sleep problems (insomnia), unusual dreams. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Pramipexole dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Parkinson's Disease: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally three times a day Titration: Increase gradually in small dose increments no more frequently than ever 5 to 7 days Maintenance dose: 1.5 to 4.5 mg per day based on efficacy and tolerability Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day Comment: The following dose titration was used in clinical trials: Week 2, 0.25 mg 3 times a day Week 3, 0.5 mg 3 times a day Week 4, 0.75 mg 3 times a day Week 5, 1 mg 3 times a day Week 6, 1.25 mg 3 times a day Week 7, 1.5 mg 3 times a day. -When used in combination with levodopa, the levodopa dose was reduced by an average of 27% from baseline providing a concomitant dose of approximately 800 mg per day. Extended-release: Initial dose: 0.375 mg orally once a day Titration: Increase gradually no more frequently than every 5 to 7 days, first dose increase should be to 0.75 mg once a day followed by incremental increases of 0.75 mg; assess therapeutic response and tolerability at a minimum of 5 days after each dose increase. Maximum dose: 4.5 mg per day SWITCHING FROM IMMEDIATE-RELEASE TO EXTENDED-RELEASE: -Patients may be switched overnight from immediate-release tablets to extended-release tablets at the same daily dose; monitor closely to determine if dose adjustments may be necessary. Comments: -If a significant interruption in therapy occurs, re-titration may be necessary; upon discontinuation, doses should be tapered. Use: Treatment of Parkinson's disease Usual Adult Dose for Restless Legs Syndrome: Immediate-release: Initial dose: 0.125 mg orally once a day 2 to 3 hours before bedtime Titration: If needed, dose may be titrated upwards by increments of 0.125 mg every 4 to 7 days. Maximum dose: 0.5 mg orally once a day Comments: -Extended-release tablets are not indicated for Restless Legs Syndrome. -Doses of 0.75 mg once a day were used in clinical trials, but were not found to provide additional benefit as compared to the 0.5 mg dose. Use: For the treatment of moderate to severe primary Restless Legs Syndrome.   What other drugs will affect pramipexole? Using pramipexole with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: cimetidine; metoclopramide; or medicine to treat mental illness, such as chlorpromazine, droperidol, fluphenazine, haloperidol, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, thioridazine, and others. This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect pramipexole, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is prasugrel? Prasugrel is used in people who've had a balloon angioplasty to open blocked arteries after having a heart attack or severe chest pain. Prasugrel may help lower your risk of having another heart attack or stroke. Prasugrel may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Prasugrel increases your risk of bleeding, which can be severe or life-threatening. Call your doctor or seek emergency medical attention if you have bleeding that will not stop, if you have black or bloody stools, or if you cough up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds. You may need to stop using the medicine for a short time before any surgery or dental treatment. Do not stop taking prasugrel unless your doctor tells you to. Before taking this medicine You should not use prasugrel if you are allergic to it, or if you have: active bleeding such as a stomach ulcer or bleeding in the brain (such as from a head injury); a history of stroke, including TIA ("mini-stroke"); or if you are scheduled to have surgery, especially heart bypass surgery (coronary artery bypass graft, or CABG). Tell your doctor if you have ever had: a stomach ulcer, colon polyps, or diverticulosis; bleeding problems; surgery, an injury, or a medical emergency; liver or kidney disease; if you are allergic to clopidogrel or ticlopidine; if you weigh less than 132 pounds (60 kilograms); or if you also use other medicines to treat or prevent blood clots. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. How should I take prasugrel? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you also take aspirin, follow your doctor's instructions about how much to take and for how long. Prasugrel can be taken with or without food. Swallow the tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Because prasugrel keeps your blood from clotting, prasugrel can also make it easier for you to bleed, even from a minor injury. Seek emergency medical attention if you have any bleeding that will not stop. Tell your doctor if you have a planned surgery or dental work. Do not stop using prasugrel without your doctor's advice, even if you feel fine. Stopping this medicine too soon may increase your risk of a blood clot, heart attack, or death. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the tablets in their original container, along with the packet or canister of moisture-absorbing preservative. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking prasugrel? Avoid activities that may increase your risk of bleeding or injury. Use extra care while shaving or brushing your teeth. Ask your doctor before taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin, ibuprofen, naproxen, Advil, Aleve, Motrin, and others. Using an NSAID with prasugrel may cause you to bruise or bleed easily. Prasugrel side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; dizziness, chest pain, difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Prasugrel increases your risk of bleeding, which can be severe or life-threatening. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; any bleeding that will not stop; pink or brown urine; signs of a serious blood-clotting problem--pale skin, purple spots under your skin or on your mouth, fever, fast heart rate, weakness, stomach pain, trouble breathing, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); signs of stomach bleeding--bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds; or signs of a stroke--sudden numbness or weakness (especially on one side of the body), sudden severe headache, slurred speech, problems with vision or balance. The risk of bleeding is higher in older adults. Common side effects may include: nosebleeds; or easy bruising or bleeding. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Prasugrel dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Acute Coronary Syndrome: Initial dose: 60 mg orally once Maintenance dose: 10 mg orally once a day Comments: -No clear benefit was observed when the loading dose of this drug was administered prior to diagnostic coronary angiography compared to at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, risk of bleeding was increased with early administration in patients undergoing PCI or early coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). -Aspirin 75 to 325 mg daily should be taken with this drug. Use: To reduce the rate of thrombotic cardiovascular events (including stent thrombosis) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who are to be managed with PCI for unstable angina (UA), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), or ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Usual Geriatric Dose for Acute Coronary Syndrome: 65 to less than 75 years: -Initial dose: 60 mg orally once -Maintenance dose: 10 mg orally once a day 75 years or older: Use is generally not recommended in such patients, except in high-risk situations (e.g., diabetes or prior myocardial infarction) when benefit outweighs risk. Comments: -No clear benefit was observed when the loading dose of this drug was administered prior to diagnostic coronary angiography compared to at the time of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI); however, risk of bleeding was increased with early administration in patients undergoing PCI or early coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). -Aspirin 75 to 325 mg daily should be taken with this drug. Use: To reduce the rate of thrombotic cardiovascular events (including stent thrombosis) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who are to be managed with PCI for unstable angina (UA), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), or ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).   What other drugs will affect prasugrel? Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: opioid medication; or any other medicines to treat or prevent blood clots, including heparin or warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven). This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect prasugrel, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is pravastatin? Pravastatin belongs to a group of drugs called HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, or "statins." Pravastatin is used together with diet to lower blood levels of "bad" cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein, or LDL), to increase levels of "good" cholesterol (high-density lipoprotein, or HDL), and to lower triglycerides (a type of fat in the blood). Pravastatin is also used to lower the risk of stroke, heart attack, and other heart complications in people with or without coronary heart disease or other risk factors. Pravastatin is used in adults and children who are at least 8 years old. Warnings You should not take pravastatin if you have active liver disease, or if you are pregnant or breastfeeding. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using. Many drugs can interact, and some drugs should not be used together. Stop taking pravastatin and tell your doctor at once if you become pregnant. Pravastatin can cause the breakdown of muscle tissue, which can lead to kidney failure. Call your doctor right away if you have unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness especially if you also have fever, unusual tiredness, or dark urine. Avoid eating foods that are high in fat or cholesterol. This medicine will not be as effective in lowering your cholesterol if you do not follow a cholesterol-lowering diet plan. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can raise triglyceride levels and may increase your risk of liver damage. Before taking this medicine You should not use pravastatin if you are allergic to it, or if: you are pregnant or breastfeeding; or you have active liver disease. To make sure pravastatin is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had: kidney disease; abnormal liver function tests; muscle pain or weakness; a thyroid disorder; or if you drink more than 2 alcoholic beverages daily. Pravastatin can cause a condition that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure. This condition may be more likely to occur in older adults and in people who have kidney disease or poorly controlled hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). Do not use if you are pregnant. This medicine can harm an unborn baby. Use effective birth control to prevent pregnancy. Stop taking this medicine and tell your doctor at once if you become pregnant. Do not breastfeed while using this medicine. How should I take pravastatin? Take pravastatin exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Take the medicine at the same time each day, with or without food. Pravastatin doses are based on age, and are lower in children and teenagers. People taking this medicine during childhood or adolescence may need a different dose as adults. You may need to stop using this medicine for a short time if you have: uncontrolled seizures; an electrolyte imbalance (such as high or low potassium levels in your blood); severely low blood pressure; a severe infection or illness; or surgery or a medical emergency. It may take up to 4 weeks before your cholesterol levels improve, and you may need frequent blood tests. Even if you have no symptoms, tests can help your doctor determine if this medicine is effective. Pravastatin is only part of a complete treatment program that may also include diet, exercise, and weight control. Follow your doctor's instructions very closely. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What to avoid Avoid eating foods high in fat or cholesterol, or pravastatin will not be as effective. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can raise triglyceride levels and may increase your risk of liver damage. Grapefruit may interact with pravastatin and lead to unwanted side effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products. Pravastatin side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to pravastatin: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. In rare cases, pravastatin can cause a condition that results in the breakdown of skeletal muscle tissue, leading to kidney failure. Call your doctor right away if you have unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness especially if you also have fever, unusual tiredness, or dark colored urine. Call your doctor right away if you have: muscle weakness in your hips, shoulders, neck, and back; trouble lifting your arms, trouble climbing or standing; or liver problems - loss of appetite, stomach pain (upper right side), tiredness, dark urine, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Common pravastatin side effects may include: muscle or joint pain; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; headache; or cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect pravastatin? If you take cholestyramine or colestipol, take your pravastatin dose 1 hours before or 4 hours after you take the other medicine. Some drugs can increase your risk of serious muscle problems if you take them together with pravastatin. Your doctor may need to change your treatment plan if you use any of the following drugs: cyclosporine; danazol; gemfibrozil, fenofibric acid, fenofibrate; or medicines that contain niacin (Advicor, Niaspan, Niacor, Simcor, Slo-Niacin, and others). This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with pravastatin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is prazosin? Prazosin is used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). Lowering blood pressure may lower your risk of a stroke or heart attack. Prazosin may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Follow all directions on your medicine label and package. Tell each of your healthcare providers about all your medical conditions, allergies, and all medicines you use. Before taking this medicine You should not use prazosin if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: low blood pressure, especially if caused by taking medications. Prazosin can affect your pupils. If you have cataract surgery, tell your surgeon ahead of time that you use prazosin. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known whether prazosin will harm an unborn baby. However, having high blood pressure during pregnancy may cause complications such as diabetes or eclampsia (dangerously high blood pressure that can lead to medical problems in both mother and baby). The benefit of treating hypertension may outweigh any risks to the baby. It may not be safe to breastfeed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk. Prazosin is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take prazosin? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Prazosin lowers blood pressure and may cause dizziness or fainting, especially when you first start taking it, or whenever your dose is changed. You may feel very dizzy when you first wake up. Your blood pressure will need to be checked often. Swallow the capsule whole and do not crush, chew, break, or open it. Keep using this medicine as directed, even if you feel well. High blood pressure often has no symptoms. You may need to use blood pressure medication for the rest of your life. Prazosin is only part of a complete treatment program that may also include diet, exercise, weight control, and special medical care. Follow your doctor's instructions very closely. Some things can cause your blood pressure to get too low. This includes vomiting, diarrhea, or heavy sweating. Call your doctor if you are sick with vomiting or diarrhea. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include extreme drowsiness or underactive reflexes. What should I avoid while taking prazosin? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how prazosin will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects. Prazosin side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; pounding heartbeats or fluttering in your chest; new or worsening chest pain; or upper stomach pain, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Call your doctor or seek emergency medical attention if your erection is painful or lasts longer than 4 hours. A prolonged erection (priapism) can damage the penis. Common side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness; headache; feeling weak or tired; or nausea. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   Prazosin dosing information Usual Adult Dose for Hypertension: Initial dose: 1 mg orally 2 or 3 times a day Maintenance dose: 1 to 20 mg orally per day in divided doses Comments: -Titrate slowly as determined by blood pressure response. -Therapeutic dosages usually range from 6 to 15 mg per day in divided doses. -Total daily doses greater than 20 mg usually do not increase efficacy, but some patients may benefit from daily doses up to 40 mg per day in divided doses.   What other drugs will affect prazosin? Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: propranolol; any other blood pressure medication; a diuretic or "water pill"; or sildenafil (Viagra) and other erectile dysfunction medicines. This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect prazosin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is prednisone? Prednisone is a corticosteroid. It prevents the release of substances in the body that cause inflammation. It also suppresses the immune system. Prednisone is used as an anti-inflammatory or an immunosuppressant medication. Prednisone treats many different conditions such as allergic disorders, skin conditions, ulcerative colitis, arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, or breathing disorders. Warnings Prednisone treats many different conditions such as allergic disorders, skin conditions, ulcerative colitis, arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, or breathing disorders. You should avoid taking prednisone if you have a fungal infection that requires oral antifungals. Topical antifungals may not be an issue, but always let your doctor know what medicines you’re taking before starting this medicine. Steroid medication can weaken your immune system, making it easier for you to get an infection. Avoid being near people who are sick or have infections. Do not receive a "live" vaccine while using prednisone. Call your doctor at once if you have shortness of breath, severe pain in your upper stomach, bloody or tarry stools, severe depression, changes in personality or behavior, vision problems, or eye pain. You should not stop using prednisone suddenly. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Before taking this medicine You should not use this medication if you are allergic to prednisone, or if you have a fungal infection that requires oral antifungal treatment. Steroid medication can weaken your immune system, making it easier for you to get an infection or worsening an infection you already have or have recently had. Tell your doctor about any illness or infection you have had within the past several weeks. To make sure prednisone is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: any illness that causes diarrhea; liver disease (such as cirrhosis); kidney disease; heart disease, high blood pressure, low levels of potassium in your blood; a thyroid disorder; diabetes; a history of malaria; tuberculosis; osteoporosis; glaucoma, cataracts, or herpes infection of the eyes; stomach ulcers, ulcerative colitis, or a history of stomach bleeding; a muscle disorder such as myasthenia gravis; or depression or mental illness. Long-term use of steroids may lead to bone loss (osteoporosis), especially if you smoke, if you do not exercise, if you do not get enough vitamin D or calcium in your diet, or if you have a family history of osteoporosis. Talk with your doctor about your risk of osteoporosis. Prednisone can cause low birth weight or birth defects if you take the medicine during your first trimester. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication. Use effective birth control. Prednisone can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Steroids can affect growth in children. Talk with your doctor if you think your child is not growing at a normal rate while using this medicine. How should I take prednisone? Take prednisone exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label. Your doctor may change your dose to make sure you get the best results. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Take prednisone with food. Your dosage needs may change if you have any unusual stress such as a serious illness, fever or infection, or if you have surgery or a medical emergency. Do not change your medication dose or schedule without your doctor's advice. Measure liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. Do not crush, chew, or break a delayed-release tablet. Swallow it whole. While using this medicine, you may need frequent blood tests at your doctor's office. Your blood pressure may also need to be checked. This medication can cause unusual results with certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using this medicine. You should not stop using prednisone suddenly. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. Wear a medical alert tag or carry an ID card stating that you take prednisone. Any medical care provider who treats you should know that you are using a steroid. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of prednisone is not expected to produce life threatening symptoms. However, long term use of high steroid doses can lead to symptoms such as thinning skin, easy bruising, changes in the shape or location of body fat (especially in your face, neck, back, and waist), increased acne or facial hair, menstrual problems, impotence, or loss of interest in sex. What should I avoid? Avoid being near people who are sick or have infections. Call your doctor for preventive treatment if you are exposed to chicken pox or measles. These conditions can be serious or even fatal in people who are using a steroid. Do not receive a "live" vaccine while using this medicine. Prednisone may increase your risk of harmful effects from a live vaccine. Live vaccines include measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), rotavirus, yellow fever, varicella (chickenpox), one type of the typhoid vaccine and nasal flu (influenza) vaccine. Avoid drinking alcohol while you are taking prednisone. Prednisone side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction to prednisone: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: blurred vision, eye pain, or seeing halos around lights; swelling, rapid weight gain, feeling short of breath; severe depression, feelings of extreme happiness or sadness, changes in personality or behavior, seizure (convulsions); bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood; pancreatitis (severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting, fast heart rate); low potassium (confusion, uneven heart rate, extreme thirst, increased urination, leg discomfort, muscle weakness or limp feeling); or dangerously high blood pressure (severe headache, blurred vision, buzzing in your ears, anxiety, confusion, chest pain, shortness of breath, uneven heartbeats, seizure). Other common prednisone side effects may include: sleep problems (insomnia), mood changes; increased appetite, gradual weight gain; acne, increased sweating, dry skin, thinning skin, bruising or discoloration; slow wound healing; headache, dizziness, spinning sensation; nausea, stomach pain, bloating; or changes in the shape or location of body fat (especially in your arms, legs, face, neck, breasts, and waist). This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect prednisone? Many drugs can interact with prednisone. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your medications and any you start or stop using during treatment with prednisone, especially: amphotericin B; cyclosporine; digoxin, digitalis; St. John's wort; an antibiotic such as clarithromycin or telithromycin; antifungal medication such as itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole; birth control pills and other hormones; a blood thinner such as warfarin, Coumadin; a diuretic or "water pill"; the hepatitis C medications boceprevir or telaprevir; HIV or AIDS medicine such as atazanavir, delavirdine, efavirenz, fosamprenavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, nevirapine, ritonavir, saquinavir; insulin or diabetes medications you take by mouth; a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve), celecoxib, diclofenac, indomethacin, meloxicam, and others; seizure medications such as carbamazepine, fosphenytoin, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone; or the tuberculosis medications isoniazid, rifabutin, rifapentine, or rifampin. This list is not complete and many other drugs can interact with prednisone. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Give a list of all your medicines to any healthcare provider who treats you.

What is pregabalin? Pregabalin is an anti-epileptic drug, also called an anticonvulsant. It works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures. Pregabalin also affects chemicals in the brain that send pain signals across the nervous system. Pregabalin is used to treat pain caused by fibromyalgia, or nerve pain in people with diabetes (diabetic neuropathy), herpes zoster (post-herpetic neuralgia), or spinal cord injury. Pregabalin is also used with other medications to treat partial onset seizures in adults and children who are at least 1 month old. Pregabalin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Pregabalin can cause a severe allergic reaction. Stop taking pregabalin and seek emergency medical help if you have hives or blisters on your skin, trouble breathing, or swelling in your face, mouth, or throat. Some people have thoughts about suicide while taking pregabalin. Stay alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor. If you have diabetes or heart problems, call your doctor if you have weight gain or swelling in your hands or feet while taking pregabalin. Do not stop using pregabalin suddenly, even if you feel fine. Stopping suddenly may cause withdrawal symptoms. Before taking this medicine You should not use pregabalin if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: lung disease, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); a mood disorder, depression, or suicidal thoughts; heart problems (especially congestive heart failure); a bleeding disorder, or low levels of platelets in your blood; kidney disease (or if you are on dialysis); diabetes (unless you are taking pregabalin to treat diabetic neuropathy); drug or alcohol addiction; or a severe allergic reaction (angioedema). Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice. Pregabalin is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old to treat nerve pain caused by fibromyalgia, diabetes, herpes zoster, or spinal cord injury. Pregabalin is not approved for seizures in anyone younger than 1 month old. Some people have thoughts about suicide while taking pregabalin. Your doctor will need to check your progress at regular visits. Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Seizure control is very important during pregnancy, and having a seizure could harm both mother and baby. Do not start or stop taking pregabalin without your doctor's advice, and tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant. If you are pregnant, your name may be listed on a pregnancy registry to track the effects of pregabalin on the baby. Pregabalin can decrease sperm count and may affect fertility in men (your ability to have children). In animal studies, pregabalin also caused birth defects in the offspring of males treated with this medicine. However, it is not known whether these effects would occur in humans. Ask your doctor about your risk. You should not breastfeed while using pregabalin. How should I take pregabalin? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Take the medicine at the same time each day, with or without food. Swallow an extended-release tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Measure liquid medicine carefully. Use the dosing syringe provided, or use a medicine dose-measuring device (not a kitchen spoon). Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse. Do not stop using pregabalin suddenly, even if you feel fine. Stopping suddenly may cause increased seizures or unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose for at least 1 week before stopping completely. In case of emergency, wear or carry medical identification to let others know you take seizure medication. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking pregabalin? Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase certain side effects of pregabalin. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how pregabalin will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Pregabalin side effects Pregabalin can cause a severe allergic reaction. Stop taking this medicine and get emergency medical help if you have: hives or blisters on your skin; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, depression, anxiety, panic attacks, trouble sleeping, or if you feel impulsive, irritable, agitated, hostile, aggressive, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself. Call your doctor at once if you have: weak or shallow breathing; blue-colored skin, lips, fingers, and toes; confusion, extreme drowsiness or weakness; vision problems; skin sores (if you have diabetes); easy bruising, unusual bleeding; swelling in your hands or feet, rapid weight gain (especially if you have diabetes or heart problems); or unexplained muscle pain, tenderness, or weakness (especially if you also have fever or don't feel well). Pregabalin can cause life-threatening breathing problems. A person caring for you should seek emergency medical attention if you have slow breathing with long pauses, blue colored lips, or if you are hard to wake up. Breathing problems may be more likely in older adults or in people with COPD. If you have diabetes, tell your doctor right away if you have any new sores or other skin problems. Common side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness; swelling in your hands and feet; trouble concentrating; increased appetite; weight gain; dry mouth; or blurred vision. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect pregabalin? Using pregabalin with other drugs that slow your breathing can cause dangerous side effects or death. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, cold or allergy medicine, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially: oral diabetes medicine--pioglitazone, rosiglitazone; or an ACE inhibitor--benazepril, captopril, enalapril, fosinopril, lisinopril, moexipril, perindopril, quinapril, ramipril, or trandolapril. This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect pregabalin, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.

What is Prevalite? Prevalite helps reduce cholesterol (fatty acids) in the blood. High cholesterol is associated with an increased risk of heart disease and atherosclerosis (clogged arteries). Prevalite is used to lower high levels of cholesterol in the blood, especially low-density lipoprotein (LDL) ("bad" cholesterol). Prevalite powder is also used to treat itching caused by a blockage in the bile ducts of the gallbladder. Prevalite may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use Prevalite if you have a blockage in your stomach or intestines. Wait at least 4 to 6 hours after taking Prevalite before you take any other medications. Before taking this medicine You should not use Prevalite if you are allergic to it, or if you have: a blockage in your digestive tract (stomach or intestines). To make sure Prevalite is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: chronic constipation; a thyroid disorder; diabetes; kidney disease; liver disease; or coronary artery disease (clogged arteries). This medicine may contain phenylalanine. Talk to your doctor before using Prevalite if you have phenylketonuria (PKU). Taking Prevalite can make it harder for your body to absorb certain vitamins. Your doctor may recommend you take a vitamin supplement. You may have an even greater need for vitamin supplements during pregnancy or while you are breast-feeding a baby. Follow your doctor's instructions about taking vitamin supplements during treatment with Prevalite. It is not known whether this medicine will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. How should I take Prevalite? Follow all directions on your prescription label. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Do not use Prevalite in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Although Prevalite is usually taken once or twice per day, this medicine may be taken up to 6 times per day. Carefully follow your doctor's dosing instructions. Mix the Prevalite powder with at least 2 to 3 ounces of water or other non-carbonated beverage. You may also mix the powder with a brothy soup, crushed pineapple, or applesauce. Measure the powder using the scoop provided with your medication. Do not use any other scoop or measuring cup to measure your this medicine dose. Prevalite works best if you take it with meals. However, your dosing schedule may depend on when you need to take any other medications. This medicine should not be taken within 1 hour after or 4 hours before you take other medications. Use Prevalite regularly to get the most benefit. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely. Prevalite can affect the surfaces of your teeth. Sipping the this medicine/liquid mixture slowly or holding the liquid in your mouth for too long may result in tooth discoloration, enamel erosion, or tooth decay. Be sure to brush your teeth regularly while you are using this medicine. Drink extra fluids to prevent constipation while you are taking Prevalite. While using Prevalite, you may need frequent blood tests. Prevalite is only part of a complete program of treatment that may also include diet, exercise, and weight control. Follow your diet, medication, and exercise routines very closely. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include severe stomach pain or constipation. What should I avoid while taking Prevalite? Avoid taking other medications at the same time you take Prevalite. Wait at least 4 to 6 hours after taking this medicine before you take any other medications. Prevalite side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: ongoing or worsening constipation; severe stomach pain; blood in your urine; black, bloody, or tarry stools; or easy bruising, unusual bleeding. Side effects such as constipation may be more likely in older adults. Common side effects may include: mild constipation, diarrhea; stomach pain, nausea, loss of appetite; bloating or gas; irritation of your tongue; or itching or irritation around your rectal area. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect Prevalite? Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using, especially: birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy; digoxin (digitalis); a diuretic or "water pill"; penicillin G; phenobarbital; phenylbutazone; propranolol; spironolactone; tetracycline; thyroid medication such as levothyroxine (Synthroid and others); or warfarin (Coumadin, Jantoven). This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with cholestyramine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

What is primidone? Primidone is an anticonvulsant medicine that is used to control seizures. Primidone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Some people have thoughts about suicide while taking primidone. Stay alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor. Do not stop using primidone suddenly, even if you feel fine. Stopping suddenly may cause increased seizures. Before taking this medicine You should not use primidone if you are allergic to primidone or phenobarbital, or if you have: porphyria (a genetic enzyme disorder that causes symptoms affecting the skin or nervous system). Tell your doctor if you have ever had: depression; a mood disorder; or suicidal thoughts or actions. Some people have thoughts about suicide while taking primidone. Your doctor will need to check your progress at regular visits. Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Do not start or stop taking seizure medication during pregnancy without your doctor's advice. Having a seizure during pregnancy could harm both mother and baby. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant. If you are pregnant, your name may be listed on a pregnancy registry to track the effects of primidone on the baby. Be sure to tell the doctor who delivers your baby about your primidone use. Both you and the baby may need to receive medications to prevent excessive bleeding during delivery and just after birth. Stop breast-feeding if you notice unusual drowsiness in the nursing baby. Talk with your doctor about how best to feed your baby while taking primidone. How should I take primidone? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. If you are switching to primidone from another seizure medication, you may need to start taking primidone only at bedtime. Follow your doctor's instructions. Do not stop using primidone suddenly, even if you feel fine. Stopping suddenly may cause increased seizures. Follow your doctor's instructions about tapering your dose. It may take several weeks before you receive the full benefit of taking primidone. Your doctor will determine how long to treat you with this medicine. If you use this medicine long-term, you may need frequent medical tests. Store primidone at room temperature away from moisture, light, and heat. In case of emergency, wear or carry medical identification to let others know you take seizure medication.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking primidone? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how primidone will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can increase side effects. Primidone side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives, mouth sores, skin rash with blistering and peeling; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, depression, anxiety, or if you feel agitated, hostile, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself. Call your doctor at once if you have: unusual thoughts or behavior; loss of balance or coordination; fever, chills, sore throat; easy bruising or bleeding; or pale skin, unusual tiredness. Common side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness, spinning sensation; problems with balance or muscle movement; nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite; feeling tired or irritable; blurred vision; rash; or impotence, sexual problems. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect primidone? Using primidone with other drugs that make you drowsy can worsen this effect. Ask your doctor before using opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Other drugs may affect primidone, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is prochlorperazine? Prochlorperazine rectal is used to control severe nausea and vomiting in adults. Prochlorperazine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use prochlorperazine if you have recently used alcohol, sedatives, tranquilizers, or opioid medication. Prochlorperazine is not approved for use in older adults with dementia-related psychosis. Do not give prochlorperazine to a child younger than 2 years old or weighing less than 20 pounds. Before taking this medicine You should not use prochlorperazine if you are allergic to it, or if you have recently used alcohol, sedatives, tranquilizers, or opioid medication. Do not give this medicine to a child younger than 2 years old or weighing less than 20 pounds. Talk with your doctor before giving this medicine to a child of any age who has been ill with a fever or flu symptoms. Prochlorperazine may increase the risk of death in older adults with dementia-related psychosis and is not approved for this use. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: heart disease; cancer; bone marrow suppression; an infectious disease such as chickenpox, measles, stomach flu, or an infection of the central nervous system; an enlarged prostate or urination problems; a seizure; glaucoma; or pheochromocytoma (tumor of the adrenal gland). Tell your doctor if you will be exposed to extreme heat or cold, or to insecticide poisons while you are using prochlorperazine. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Using prochlorperazine rectal in the last 3 months of pregnancy may cause breathing problems, feeding problems, or withdrawal symptoms in the newborn. It may not be safe to breastfeed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk. How should I use rectal prochlorperazine? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Do not take a rectal suppository by mouth. It is for use only in your rectum. Wash your hands before and after inserting the suppository. Remove the wrapper before inserting the suppository. Avoid handling the suppository too long or it will melt. Lie on your back with your knees up toward your chest. Gently insert the suppository into your rectum about 1 inch, pointed tip first. Stay lying down for a few minutes while the suppository melts. You should feel little or no discomfort. Avoid using the bathroom for at least an hour. Try to empty your bowel and bladder just before using the prochlorperazine suppository. If you need surgery or a medical procedure, tell the doctor you currently use prochlorperazine. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.   What happens if I miss a dose? Use the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not use two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose can cause dry mouth, constipation, bloating or stomach cramps, extreme drowsiness or feeling restless and agitated, changes in heart rate, fever, and fainting. What should I avoid while using rectal prochlorperazine? Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how prochlorperazine will affect you. Dizziness or drowsiness can cause falls, accidents, or severe injuries. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Drinking alcohol with this medicine can cause side effects. Rectal prochlorperazine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. High doses or long-term use of prochlorperazine can cause a serious movement disorder that may not be reversible. The longer you use prochlorperazine, the more likely you are to develop this disorder, especially if you are a diabetic or an older adult. Call your doctor at once if you have: uncontrolled muscle movements in your arms, legs, or face (chewing, lip smacking, frowning, tongue movement, blinking or eye movement); a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; agitation; jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); slow heart rate, weak pulse, fainting, slow breathing; fever, chills, sore throat, mouth sores; new or worsening symptoms of lupus--joint pain, and a skin rash on your cheeks or arms that worsens in sunlight; or severe nervous system reaction--very stiff (rigid) muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, tremors, feeling like you might pass out. Side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, confusion, and tremors may be more likely in older adults. Common side effects may include: dizziness, drowsiness; feeling restless or jittery; blurred vision; constipation; breast swelling or discharge, a missed menstrual period; sleep problems (insomnia); or swelling in your hands or feet.  

What is progesterone? Progesterone is a naturally occurring hormone important for the regulation of ovulation and menstruation. Progesterone is produced in high amounts in females by the ovaries. It is also produced in smaller amounts by the adrenal glands both males and females. Progesterone is used to cause menstrual periods in women who have not yet reached menopause but are not having periods due to a lack of progesterone in the body. It is also used to prevent overgrowth in the lining of the uterus in postmenopausal women who are receiving estrogen hormone replacement therapy. Progesterone should not be used to prevent heart disease or dementia, because this medicine may actually increase your risk of developing these conditions. Warnings Do not use progesterone without telling your doctor if you are pregnant. It could cause harm to the unborn baby. Use an effective form of birth control, and tell your doctor if you become pregnant during treatment. You should not use progesterone if you have: abnormal vaginal bleeding, a history of breast cancer, liver disease, or if you have recently had a heart attack, stroke, or blood clot. Progesterone should not be used to prevent heart disease or dementia, because this medicine may actually increase your risk of developing these conditions. Using progesterone can increase your risk of blood clots, stroke, heart attack, or breast cancer. Some forms of this medication may contain peanut oil. Do not use this medicine without telling your doctor if you have a peanut allergy. Before taking this medicine You should not use progesterone if you are allergic to it, or if you have: abnormal vaginal bleeding that a doctor has not checked; a history of breast cancer; liver disease; a peanut allergy; if you are pregnant; if you have had a stroke, heart attack, or blood clot within the past year; or if you have recently had an incomplete miscarriage or "missed" abortion. Using progesterone can increase your risk of blood clots, stroke, heart attack, or breast cancer. To make sure this medicine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: heart disease, circulation problems; migraines; asthma; kidney disease; seizures or epilepsy; a history of depression; or risk factors for coronary artery disease (such as high blood pressure, diabetes, lupus, high cholesterol, family history of coronary artery disease, smoking, being overweight). Do not use progesterone if you are pregnant. It could harm the unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Progesterone can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. How should I use progesterone? Use progesterone exactly as it was prescribed for you. Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not use this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Read all patient information, medication guides, and instruction sheets provided to you. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions. Take the capsule with a full glass of water. It is best to take the medicine at night because this medicine can make you dizzy or drowsy. Apply progesterone cream to the skin as directed by your doctor. Progesterone is sometimes used for only a short time, such as 10 to 12 days during each menstrual cycle. Follow your doctor's dosing instructions very carefully. Have regular physical exams and self-examine your breasts for lumps on a monthly basis while using progesterone. If you need surgery or medical tests or if you will be on bed rest, you may need to stop using this medicine for a short time. Any doctor or surgeon who treats you should know that you are using this medicine. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.   What happens if I miss a dose? Use the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose. Call your doctor if you miss more than one dose of this medication. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while using progesterone? Progesterone may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Progesterone side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to progesterone: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have: unusual vaginal bleeding; pain or burning when you urinate; a breast lump; sudden vision problems, severe headache or pain behind your eyes; symptoms of depression (sleep problems, weakness, mood changes); severe dizziness or drowsiness, spinning sensation, confusion, shortness of breath; heart attack symptoms - chest pain or pressure, pain spreading to your jaw or shoulder, nausea, sweating; liver problems - nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, tired feeling, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); signs of a stroke - sudden numbness or weakness (especially on one side of the body), sudden severe headache, slurred speech, problems with speech or balance; signs of a blood clot in the lung - chest pain, sudden cough, wheezing, rapid breathing, coughing up blood; or signs of a blood clot in your leg - pain, swelling, warmth, or redness in one or both legs. Common progesterone side effects may include: drowsiness, dizziness; breast pain; mood changes; headache; constipation, diarrhea, heartburn; bloating, swelling in your hands or feet; joint pain; hot flashes; or vaginal discharge. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect progesterone? There may be other drugs that can interact with progesterone. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

What is promethazine? Promethazine is in a group of drugs called phenothiazines (FEEN-oh-THYE-a-zeens). It works by changing the actions of chemicals in your brain. Promethazine also acts as an antihistamine. It blocks the effects of the naturally occurring chemical histamine in your body. Promethazine is used to treat allergy symptoms such as itching, runny nose, sneezing, itchy or watery eyes, hives, and itchy skin rashes. It also prevents motion sickness, and treats nausea and vomiting or pain after surgery. It is also used as a sedative or sleep aid. Promethazine is not for use in treating symptoms of asthma, pneumonia, or other lower respiratory tract infections. Warnings Stop using promethazine and call your doctor at once if you have twitching or uncontrollable movements of your eyes, lips, tongue, face, arms, or legs. These could be early signs of dangerous side effects. Promethazine should not be given to a child younger than 2 years old. Promethazine can cause severe breathing problems or death in a child in very young children. Carefully follow your doctor's instructions when giving this medicine to a child of any age. Promethazine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert. Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of promethazine. There are many other medicines that can interact with promethazine. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor. Keep a list with you of all the medicines you use and show this list to any doctor or other healthcare provider who treats you. Before taking this medicine Promethazine should not be given to a child younger than 2 years old. Promethazine can cause severe breathing problems or death in very young children. Carefully follow your doctor's instructions when giving this medicine to a child of any age. You should not take this medicine if you are allergic to promethazine or to similar medicines such as chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, mesoridazine, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, thioridazine, or trifluperazine. To make sure promethazine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sleep apnea, or other breathing disorder; a sulfite allergy; a history of seizures; a weak immune system (bone marrow depression); glaucoma; enlarged prostate or problems with urination; stomach ulcer or obstruction; heart disease or high blood pressure; liver disease; adrenal gland tumor (pheochromocytoma); low levels of calcium in your blood (hypocalcemia); or if you have ever had a serious side effect while using promethazine or any other phenothiazine. It is not known whether promethazine will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medicine. It is not known whether promethazine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine. How should I take promethazine? Take promethazine exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Promethazine is often taken at bedtime or before meals. For motion sickness, promethazine is usually started within 1 hour before traveling. When used for surgery, promethazine is usually taken the night before the surgery. How often you take this medicine and the timing of your dose will depend on the condition being treated. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. If a child is using this medicine, tell your doctor if the child has any changes in weight. Promethazine doses are based on weight in children, and any changes may affect your child's dose. Call your doctor if your symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse while using promethazine. This medicine can cause unusual results with certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using promethazine. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include overactive reflexes, loss of coordination, severe drowsiness or weakness, fainting, dilated pupils, weak or shallow breathing, or seizure (convulsions). What to avoid This medicine may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Get up slowly and steady yourself to prevent a fall. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of promethazine. Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds. Promethazine can make you sunburn more easily. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) when you are outdoors. Promethazine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using promethazine and call your doctor at once if you have: severe drowsiness, weak or shallow breathing; a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; confusion, agitation, hallucinations, nightmares; seizure (convulsions); fast or slow heartbeats; jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); uncontrolled muscle movements in your face (chewing, lip smacking, frowning, tongue movement, blinking or eye movement); easy bruising or bleeding (nosebleeds, bleeding gums); sudden weakness or ill feeling, fever, chills, sore throat, mouth sores, red or swollen gums, trouble swallowing; or severe nervous system reaction--very stiff (rigid) muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, tremors, feeling like you might pass out. Side effects such as confusion and severe drowsiness may be more likely in older adults. Common promethazine side effects may include: drowsiness, dizziness; ringing in your ears; double vision; feeling nervous; dry mouth; or tired feeling, sleep problems (insomnia). This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect promethazine? Cold or allergy medicine, sedatives, narcotic pain medicine, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety can interact with promethazine and cause medical problems or increase side effects. Tell your doctor if you regularly use any of these medicines. Also tell your doctor if you are using any of the following medicines: lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid); atropine (Atreza, Sal-Tropine), belladonna (Donnatal, and others), benztropine (Cogentin), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), methscopolamine (Pamine), or scopolamine (Transderm-Scop); blood pressure medication such as guanadrel (Hylorel), guanethidine (Ismelin), propranolol (Inderal), and others; a blood thinner such as warfarin (Coumadin); bronchodilators such as ipratropium (Atrovent) or tiotropium (Spiriva); bladder or urinary medications such as oxybutynin (Ditropan, Oxytrol), solifenacin (Vesicare), and others; an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), tranylcypromine (Parnate), phenelzine (Nardil), or selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam); or medicines to treat Parkinson's disease, restless leg syndrome, or pituitary gland tumor (prolactinoma); or medicine to treat stomach ulcer or irritable bowel syndrome, such as dicyclomine (Bentyl), glycopyrrolate (Robinul), hyoscyamine (Anaspaz, Cystospaz, Levsin, and others), mepenzolate (Cantil), or propantheline (Pro-Banthine). This list is not complete and there are many other medicines that can interact with promethazine. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor. Keep a list with you of all the medicines you use and show this list to any doctor or other healthcare provider who treats you.

What is propafenone? Propafenone is a Class IC anti-arrhythmic that affects the way your heart beats. Propafenone is used in certain situations to prevent serious heart rhythm disorders. Propafenone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use propafenone if you have heart failure, Brugada syndrome, sick sinus syndrome, AV block (without a pacemaker), severe low blood pressure, very slow heartbeats, a severe electrolyte imbalance, shortness of breath, or if you recently had a heart attack. Propafenone may cause a new or worsening heartbeat pattern. Call your doctor at once if you have fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness. Before taking this medicine You should not use propafenone if you are allergic to it, or if you have: heart failure, or if you have recently had a heart attack; a genetic heart condition called Brugada syndrome; a serious heart condition such as "sick sinus syndrome" or "AV block" (unless you have a pacemaker); severe low blood pressure, or history of slow heart beats that have caused you to faint; a severe or uncontrolled electrolyte imbalance; or wheezing or shortness of breath. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: a breathing disorder; liver or kidney disease; lupus; myasthenia gravis; or an abnormal blood test called Antinuclear Antibody Test or ANA. Tell your doctor if you have a pacemaker or defibrillator. These devices may need to be re-programmed while you are taking propafenone. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. propafenone may affect fertility (ability to have children) in men. Talk with your doctor if you have concerns about this risk. How should I take propafenone? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. You may take propafenone with or without food. You may have very low blood pressure while taking this medication. Call your doctor if you are sick with vomiting or diarrhea, extreme thirst, loss of appetite, or if you are sweating more than usual. You may need frequent blood tests. Your heart function may also need to be checked with an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG), before and during treatment with propafenone. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking propafenone? Grapefruit may interact with propafenone and lead to unwanted side effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products. Propafenone side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Propafenone may cause a new or worsening heartbeat pattern. Call your doctor at once if you have fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness (like you might pass out) Also call your doctor at once if you have: shortness of breath (even with mild exertion); swelling in your arms or legs; sudden weight gain; or fever, chills, sore throat. Common side effects may include: irregular heartbeats; nausea, vomiting, constipation; headache, dizziness, tiredness; or unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect propafenone? Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective. Propafenone can cause a serious heart problem. Your risk may be higher if you also use certain other medicines for infections, asthma, heart problems, high blood pressure, depression, mental illness, cancer, malaria, or HIV. Many drugs can affect propafenone. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is propafenone? Propafenone is a Class IC anti-arrhythmic that affects the way your heart beats. Propafenone is used in certain situations to prevent serious heart rhythm disorders. Propafenone may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use propafenone if you have heart failure, Brugada syndrome, sick sinus syndrome, AV block (without a pacemaker), severe low blood pressure, very slow heartbeats, a severe electrolyte imbalance, shortness of breath, or if you recently had a heart attack. Propafenone may cause a new or worsening heartbeat pattern. Call your doctor at once if you have fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness. Before taking this medicine You should not use propafenone if you are allergic to it, or if you have: heart failure, or if you have recently had a heart attack; a genetic heart condition called Brugada syndrome; a serious heart condition such as "sick sinus syndrome" or "AV block" (unless you have a pacemaker); severe low blood pressure, or history of slow heart beats that have caused you to faint; a severe or uncontrolled electrolyte imbalance; or wheezing or shortness of breath. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: a breathing disorder; liver or kidney disease; lupus; myasthenia gravis; or an abnormal blood test called Antinuclear Antibody Test or ANA. Tell your doctor if you have a pacemaker or defibrillator. These devices may need to be re-programmed while you are taking propafenone. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or breast-feeding. propafenone may affect fertility (ability to have children) in men. Talk with your doctor if you have concerns about this risk. How should I take propafenone? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. You may take propafenone with or without food. You may have very low blood pressure while taking this medication. Call your doctor if you are sick with vomiting or diarrhea, extreme thirst, loss of appetite, or if you are sweating more than usual. You may need frequent blood tests. Your heart function may also need to be checked with an electrocardiograph or ECG (sometimes called an EKG), before and during treatment with propafenone. Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep the bottle tightly closed when not in use. Detailed Propafenone dosage information What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. What should I avoid while taking propafenone? Grapefruit may interact with propafenone and lead to unwanted side effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products. Propafenone side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Propafenone may cause a new or worsening heartbeat pattern. Call your doctor at once if you have fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness (like you might pass out) Also call your doctor at once if you have: shortness of breath (even with mild exertion); swelling in your arms or legs; sudden weight gain; or fever, chills, sore throat. Common side effects may include: irregular heartbeats; nausea, vomiting, constipation; headache, dizziness, tiredness; or unusual or unpleasant taste in your mouth. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Propafenone side effects (more detail) What other drugs will affect propafenone? Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective. Propafenone can cause a serious heart problem. Your risk may be higher if you also use certain other medicines for infections, asthma, heart problems, high blood pressure, depression, mental illness, cancer, malaria, or HIV. Many drugs can affect propafenone. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.

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What is propylthiouracil? Propylthiouracil is used to treat hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid), Graves' disease, or toxic goiter (enlarged thyroid). propylthiouracil is sometimes given to control symptoms just before you undergo thyroid surgery or treatment with radioactive iodine. Propylthiouracil may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Propylthiouracil can cause serious or fatal liver problems. Stop taking this medicine and call your doctor right away if you have upper stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fever, itching, tiredness, dark urine, clay-colored stools, or yellowing of your skin or eyes. Before taking this medicine You should not use propylthiouracil if you are allergic to it. Tell your doctor if you have ever had liver problems. In very rare cases, propylthiouracil has caused liver failure and death in pregnant women during the second or third trimester of pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding. Propylthiouracil may cause liver failure in children, but is sometimes used in children who cannot be treated with other medications. Do not give propylthiouracil to a child without your doctor's advice. How should I take propylthiouracil? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose. Use the medicine exactly as directed. Propylthiouracil is usually taken 3 times per day. You will need frequent blood tests to check your thyroid. Call your doctor if you have unusual bruising or bleeding, or signs of infection (fever, chills, sore throat). Tell your doctor if you have a planned surgery. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Detailed Propylthiouracil dosage information What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include fever, chills, itching, upset stomach, nausea, vomiting, swelling, headache, or joint pain. What should I avoid while taking propylthiouracil? Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how propylthiouracil will affect you. Your reactions could be impaired. Propylthiouracil side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling). Propylthiouracil can cause liver damage (especially during the first 6 months of treatment). Liver failure can be fatal or may require a liver transplant. Stop taking propylthiouracil and call your doctor right away if you have signs of liver damage: nausea, vomiting, upper stomach pain; itching; fever, tiredness; loss of appetite; dark urine, clay-colored stools; or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes). Also call your doctor at once if you have: fever, chills, sore throat, mouth sores, feeling light-headed; unusual bleeding; purple or red discoloration of your skin; skin rash, skin pain or swelling; pink or dark urine, foamy urine, little or no urination; shortness of breath, or if you cough up blood; or new or worsening symptoms of lupus--joint pain, and a skin rash on your cheeks or arms that worsens in sunlight. Common side effects may include: nausea, vomiting, stomach pain; itching or tingling, nerve pain; joint or muscle pain; swollen glands; headache, drowsiness, dizziness; swelling in your hands or feet; decreased sense of taste; or hair loss. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.  

What is pyridostigmine? Pyridostigmine affects chemicals in the body that are involved in the communication between nerve impulses and muscle movement. Pyridostigmine is used to treat the symptoms of myasthenia gravis. It is also used in military personnel who have been exposed to nerve gas. Pyridostigmine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings You should not use pyridostigmine if you you have a bladder or bowel obstruction. Before taking this medicine You should not use pyridostigmine if you are allergic to it, or if you have a bladder or bowel obstruction. To make sure you can safely take pyridostigmine, tell your doctor if you have any of these other conditions: asthma; or kidney disease. FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether pyridostigmine will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using pyridostigmine. It is not known whether pyridostigmine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Pyridostigmine is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old. How should I take pyridostigmine? Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Take this medicine with food or milk if it upsets your stomach. Do not crush, chew, or break an extended-release tablet. Swallow it whole. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one. The amount and timing of this medicine is extremely important to the success of your treatment. Carefully follow your doctor's instructions about how much medicine to take and when to take it. Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results. You may be asked to keep a daily record of when you took each dose and how long the effects lasted. This will help your doctor determine if your dose needs to be adjusted. If you need surgery, tell the surgeon ahead of time that you are using pyridostigmine. You may need to stop using the medicine for a short time. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Keep the tablets in their original container, along with the canister of moisture-absorbing preservative that comes with this medicine.   What happens if I miss a dose? Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. Overdose symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps, sweating, blurred vision, drooling, and weak or shallow breathing. Worsening muscle weakness, or no change in your myasthenia gravis symptoms, may also be signs of overdose. What should I avoid while taking pyridostigmine? This medication may cause blurred vision or impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert and able to see clearly. Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of pyridostigmine. Pyridostigmine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using pyridostigmine and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects: extreme muscle weakness; loss of movement in any part of your body; weak or shallow breathing; slurred speech, vision problems; or worsening or no improvement in your symptoms of myasthenia gravis. Common side effects may include: stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; muscle cramps, twitching; sweating, increased salivation; cough with mucus; rash; or blurred vision. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.   What other drugs will affect pyridostigmine? Other drugs may interact with pyridostigmine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using.

What is quetiapine? Quetiapine is an antipsychotic medicine that is used to treat schizophrenia in adults and children who are at least 13 years old. Quetiapine is used to treat bipolar disorder (manic depression) in adults and children who are at least 10 years old. Quetiapine is also used together with antidepressant medications to treat major depressive disorder in adults. Quetiapine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide. Warnings Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Stay alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor. Quetiapine is not approved for use in older adults with dementia-related psychosis. Before taking this medicine You should not use quetiapine if you are allergic to it. Quetiapine may increase the risk of death in older adults with dementia-related psychosis and is not approved for this use. Quetiapine is not approved for use by anyone younger than 10 years old. Tell your doctor if you have ever had: liver disease; heart problems; high or low blood pressure; low white blood cell (WBC) counts; abnormal thyroid tests or prolactin levels; constipation or urination problems; an enlarged prostate; a seizure; glaucoma or cataracts; high cholesterol or triglycerides; diabetes (in you or a family member); or trouble swallowing. Some young people have thoughts about suicide when first taking an antidepressant. Your doctor should check your progress at regular visits. Your family or other caregivers should also be alert to changes in your mood or symptoms. Taking antipsychotic medicine in the last 3 months of pregnancy may cause withdrawal symptoms, breathing problems, feeding problems, fussiness, tremors, and limp or stiff muscles in the newborn. If you get pregnant, tell your doctor right away. Do not stop taking quetiapine without your doctor's advice. quetiapine may temporarily affect fertility (your ability to have children) in women. You should not breastfeed while you are using quetiapine. How should I take quetiapine? Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed. High doses or long-term use of quetiapine can cause a serious movement disorder that may not be reversible. The longer you use quetiapine, the more likely you are to develop this disorder, especially if you are an older adult. Symptoms of this disorder include tremors or other uncontrollable muscle movements. You may take Seroquel with or without food. You should take Seroquel XR without food or with a light meal. Swallow the tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Quetiapine may cause you to have high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). If you are diabetic, check your blood sugar levels on a regular basis. Drink plenty of liquids while you are taking quetiapine. Blood pressure may need to be checked often in a child or teenager taking quetiapine. You should not stop using quetiapine suddenly. Stopping suddenly may make your condition worse. This medicine may affect a drug-screening urine test and you may have false results. Tell the laboratory staff that you use quetiapine. Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Detailed Quetiapine dosage information What happens if I miss a dose? Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time. What happens if I overdose? Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222. An overdose of quetiapine can be fatal. What should I avoid while taking quetiapine? Avoid drinking alcohol. Dangerous side effects could occur. Avoid driving or hazardous activity until you know how quetiapine will affect you. Dizziness or drowsiness can cause falls, accidents, or severe injuries. Avoid getting up too fast from a sitting or lying position, or you may feel dizzy. Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. You may be more prone to heat stroke. Quetiapine side effects Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction (hives, difficult breathing, swelling in your face or throat) or a severe skin reaction (fever, sore throat, burning eyes, skin pain, red or purple skin rash with blistering and peeling). Report any new or worsening symptoms to your doctor, such as: mood or behavior changes, anxiety, panic attacks, trouble sleeping, or if you feel impulsive, irritable, agitated, hostile, aggressive, restless, hyperactive (mentally or physically), more depressed, or have thoughts about suicide or hurting yourself. Call your doctor at once if you have: uncontrolled muscle movements in your face (chewing, lip smacking, frowning, tongue movement, blinking or eye movement); mask-like appearance of the face, trouble swallowing, problems with speech; a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out; severe constipation; painful or difficult urination; blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain, or seeing halos around lights; severe nervous system reaction--very stiff (rigid) muscles, high fever, sweating, confusion, fast or uneven heartbeats, tremors, fainting; high blood sugar--increased thirst, increased urination, dry mouth, fruity breath odor; or low white blood cell counts--fever, chills, mouth sores, skin sores, sore throat, cough, trouble breathing, feeling light-headed. Common side effects may include: speech problems; dizziness, drowsiness, tiredness; lack of energy; fast heartbeats; stuffy nose; increased appetite, weight gain; upset stomach, vomiting, constipation; dry mouth; or problems moving. This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. Quetiapine side effects (more detail) What other drugs will affect quetiapine? Sometimes it is not safe to use certain medications at the same time. Some drugs can affect your blood levels of other drugs you take, which may increase side effects or make the medications less effective. Quetiapine can cause a serious heart problem. Your risk may be higher if you also use certain other medicines for infections, asthma, heart problems, high blood pressure, depression, mental illness, cancer, malaria, or HIV. Many drugs can affect quetiapine. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any medicine you start or stop using.